Evaluating the Minnesota Twins’ success with the opener strategy
Late in the season, the Minnesota Twins tried out a new MLB fad, the opener strategy. Was it successful? Read to find out! Hint- the numbers are staggering.
Late in the season, the Minnesota Twins decided to test out one of the rising strategies in the MLB- an opener. In this strategy, an “opener”, typically a reliever, starts the game and pitches 1 or 2 innings before giving way to the “primary” pitcher, typically a starter who is expected to go several innings after that. The idea behind it is that some starting pitchers do better when they can avoid the top of an opponent’s batting order to start off the game. Teams place a reliever who they feel can better shut down the top of the lineup in for the first inning. They then put in the primary who will ideally get into a groove and pitch 4, 5, or 6 innings after that.
The Tampa Bay Rays were one of the first teams to test out this idea, and they found great success. Before implementing an opener, their team pitching ERA sat at 4.45 on May 19th, ranking in the bottom third of the league. After utilizing an opener, their team ERA was 2.87 over the next month or so, best in the MLB over that span. For a team without many notable pitcher behind 2018 Cy Young contender Blake Snell, this was a huge accomplishment. It was far from a traditional approach to winning games, but for the Rays, it worked.
Other teams took notice and curiously began testing it out. The Minnesota Twins didn’t give in to the fad until September, but by my count, they used an opener for 8 games. Today we’ll take a look at each of those starts to see how the opener/primary combination worked, and then look at the bigger picture and try to decide if an opener is a strategy that’s worth keeping in the back pocket or not.
For each game, I’ll show the full pitching box score, but I really want to focus in on just the stats from the opener and the primary pitcher for each game. Those two pitchers are what we’re most interested in, as the bullpen usage in opener games tends to be fairly consistent with usage in non-opener games, other than a reliever throwing an inning or two to start the game. We’ll look quickly at the pitching box score for each game, provide a quick game summary, and then do some work after looking at each opener game to determine if using the strategy was worthwhile for the Twins or not. Let’s jump into it.
Game 1, September 2: 4-18 loss against the Texas Rangers
| Pitching | IP | H | R | ER | BB | SO | HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gabriel Moya, L (3-1) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Zack Littell | 4 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 |
| Tyler Duffey | 0.1 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Matt Belisle | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Alan Busenitz | 0.2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Addison Reed | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Chris Gimenez | 1 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Team Totals | 8 | 19 | 18 | 16 | 2 | 8 | 6 |
Not exactly the prettiest pitching box score for the Twins’ first go ’round with an opener. But if you can get past some of the big numbers given up after Zack Littell‘s day ended, including 5 earned runs each from reliever Tyler Duffey and catcher Chris Gimenez, it’s really not all that bad. You of course would like to see a better start to the game from Gabriel Moya to start things off- 2 runs in 1 inning pitched isn’t great, and Zack Littell could have been better as well, no doubt. But, just 2 earned runs across 4 innings should be fairly manageable. Had Moya been able to pitch a clean first inning, then we’re looking at going into the 6th inning having given up 2 runs. Not bad.
Of course, none of that matters when the bullpen gives up 8 runs in the next 2 innings and Gimenez is forced to come in for the 9th, where he gives up another 5. But, while far from what the Twins were hoping for in their first experience using an opener, it also wasn’t nearly as bad as the final score indicated.
Game 2, September 4: 2-5 loss to the Houston Astros
| Pitching | IP | H | R | ER | BB | SO | HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trevor May, L (3-1) | 1 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Kohl Stewart | 5 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| Oliver Drake | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Tyler Duffey | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Team Totals | 8 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1 |
This time around, Trevor May acted as the opener with Kohl Stewart as the primary. While May struggled in his role, Stewart thrived. May got tagged for 5 hits and 4 runs in the first inning against the Astros’ potent lineup, which proved to be all the Astros would need to win the game, but Stewart then shut them down for 5 scoreless innings, scattering just 3 hits. The bottom line here is that the Twins ended with another loss, but Stewart’s first experience with a primary pitcher boded quite well for him and gave the Twins reason to continue the experiment. The Twins’ opener record remained winless, dropping to 0-2.
Game 3, September 11: 10-5 win against the New York Yankees
| Pitching | IP | H | R | ER | BB | SO | HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tyler Duffey | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Kohl Stewart, W (1-1) | 3.1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| Trevor May | 0.2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Taylor Rogers | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Trevor Hildenberger | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Team Totals | 9 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 |
In the third rendition of the experiment, the Minnesota Twins used a third different opener, this time going with Tyler Duffey. He pitched 2 decent innings, giving up 2 hits and 1 run before giving way to Stewart. Kohl wasn’t as successful as his last go round, pitching 3.1 innings and giving up just 2 hits, but 5 walks and 3 runs. After a short appearance from May, relievers Taylor Rogers and Trevor Hildenberger then teamed up to shut down the Yankees for the rest of the game, giving the Twins a rare win against the pinstripes. The Twins’ results with an opener continued to be neither overly good nor overly bad, but they got their first win while utilizing an opener, moving to 1-2.
Game 4, September 13: 4-6 loss to the Kansas City Royals
| Pitching | IP | H | R | ER | BB | SO | HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gabriel Moya | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Stephen Gonsalves | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| Alan Busenitz, BS (2), L (4-1) | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Matt Magill | 0.2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Andrew Vasquez | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| John Curtiss | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Oliver Drake | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Team Totals | 8 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 2 |
At last, an outing with no earned runs allowed by neither the opener nor the primary! The Minnesota Twins went back to Moya for the opener, who threw 2 hitless, scoreless innings before Stephen Gonsalves came in for his first time as a primary pitcher. Gonsalves put together one of his better outings of his short big league career to that point, giving up one unearned run in 3 hitless innings, albeit with 4 walks over that span as well. Unfortunately for the Twins, Alan Busenitz ruined the day by giving up 3 runs without recording an out after Gonsalves exited the game, and the bats were unable to push across enough runs to keep up. But for the first time, the Twins opener and primary pitchers combined for 0 earned runs, despite the Twins’ opener record falling to 1-3.
Game 5, September 17: 6-1 win against the Detroit Tigers
| Pitching | IP | H | R | ER | BB | SO | HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gabriel Moya | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Kohl Stewart, W (2-1) | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 0 |
| Tyler Duffey | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Trevor May | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Team Totals | 9 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 7 | 0 |
The most successful game with an opener to date for the Minnesota Twins. Moya started things off right by pitching a scoreless first, then Stewart pitched very well for the next 6 innings, giving up 1 unearned run. Quiet innings from Duffey and May topped off the Twins’ best opener game of the year, bumping their opener game record to 2-3.
Game 6, September 19: 8-2 win against the Detroit Tigers
| Pitching | IP | H | R | ER | BB | SO | HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gabriel Moya | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Stephen Gonsalves, W (1-2) | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 |
| Addison Reed | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Alan Busenitz | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Team Totals | 9 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 0 |
The Twins were treated to a fantastic opener/primary combo in their 6th attempt at the strategy. Moya, now settling in comfortably in the opener role, pitched a quiet first inning before Gonsalves took over and pitched the best game of his season with the Twins this year. 1 hit, 1 walks, 4 strikeouts, and most importantly, 0 runs gave the Gonsalves and the Minnesota Twins a great opportunity to win a ballgame. The bats obliged, giving the team more than enough runs to survive two 9th inning runs allowed by Busenitz, moving the team’s opener record back to .500 at 3-3.
Game 7, September 25: 2-4 loss to the Detroit Tigers
| Pitching | IP | H | R | ER | BB | SO | HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gabriel Moya | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Kohl Stewart | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Trevor Hildenberger, BS (4), L (4-6) | 0.1 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Trevor May | 0.2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Oliver Drake | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Team Totals | 9 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 0 |
Game 7 with an opener for the Minnesota Twins was successful, but ended in an unfortunate loss. Moya and Stewart teamed up for 7 fantastic innings, allowing just 2 hits and no runs before Hildenberger allowed 4 runs to cross in just one third of an inning of work. May and Oliver Drake calmed things down for the last inning and two thirds, but the damage was done, the bats were quiet and the Twins took a loss. The opener record falls back under .500 to 3-4.
Game 8, September 27: 9-3 win against the Detroit Tigers
| Pitching | IP | H | R | ER | BB | SO | HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gabriel Moya | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Stephen Gonsalves, W (2-2) | 3.1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 0 |
| Matt Magill, H (6) | 1.2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| Alan Busenitz | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Zack Littell | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| John Curtiss | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Team Totals | 9 | 8 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 6 | 0 |
In the final opener game of the year for the Minnesota Twins, things didn’t go as well as desired. It was a slight improvement over the first few opener games, but a departure from the previous 4 successful opener/primary pairings. Still, it wasn’t bad. Moya gave up 1 run in the first, and Gonsalves’ control issues led to 4 walks and 2 runs in 3.1 innings. The bullpen shut things down after that, combining for 4 and two thirds scoreless innings, and the bats exploded for 9 runs. The 2018 Minnesota Twins’ opener game record ended at 4-4.
Conclusions
So, was this experiment worthwhile? Possibly. Let’s take a look at some cumulative stats to try to get a better idea of how the team fared. First, stats from the opener in each of the 8 games-
| Pitching | G | IP | H | R | ER | BB | SO | HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trevor May | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Gabriel Moya | 6 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 1 |
| Tyler Duffey | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Team Totals | 8 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 10 | 2 |
There’s a little bit of mixed results there, but I’m content overall. It wasn’t a perfect experiment, but the only way to find out if something works is to try it out, and I think these 8 games showed the potential value of using an opener. May didn’t fare well in his only shot at opening a game, though he would later find himself settling nicely in the 9th inning/closer role, perhaps giving the Twins their top in-house choice for their 2019 closer.
Duffey likewise only got one attempt at acting as opener, giving the Minnesota Twins a solid but not perfect result. I would have liked to see Duffey get more opportunities at opening games. He is a former starter with experience pitching in the first inning, and his results this year as a traditional reliever left some to be desired, so I wonder if an opener role is something he would succeed at. But, it was Moya who settled in as the go-to opener for the Twins, getting 6 of the 8 chances, and he thrived in the role.
Moya’s first outing was by far his worst as opener, giving up 2 runs in the first inning. After that game, however, he was lights out, getting 5 more opportunities for a total of 6 innings, 1 hit, 1 run, and 2 walks to 3 strikeouts. Perhaps Moya found himself a new role with the Minnesota Twins. If the opener strategy is deemed worthwhile by the team, Moya has made a strong argument for him to be the opener of choice.
Lets turn our attention to the primary pitchers. Here are their cumulative stats during opener games-
| Pitching | G | IP | H | R | ER | BB | SO | HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zack Littell | 1 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Stephen Gonsalves | 3 | 12.1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 10 | 0 |
| Kohl Stewart | 4 | 20.1 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 9 | 13 | 0 |
| Team Totals | 8 | 36.2 | 20 | 9 | 7 | 19 | 24 | 1 |
That’s pretty darn good! For a bit more context, 7 earned runs across 36.2 innings combines for a stellar 1.74 ERA. There’s certainly still room for improvement, as 20 hits isn’t spectacular, and 19 walks is high, but remember that all 3 of these pitchers are young and still getting acclimated to the MLB. But… all 3 of these pitchers are still young and getting acclimated to the MLB! A 1.74 ERA from our primary pitchers in games using an opener would be phenomenal for veterans, but none of these guys have more than 40 career innings pitched in the MLB! That alone speaks volumes about the worth of a opener/primary combo.
Not sold yet? Consider both Gonsalves’ and Stewart’s MLB numbers with and without an opener. Here are their season game logs and totals in games without an opener-
Gonsalves without opener
Stewart without opener
And here’s their numbers in games utilizing an opener-
Gonsalves with opener
Stewart with opener
Look at that! It’s night and day. Gonsalves’ ERA in starts without an opener is 11.90. With an opener? 1.48. Stewart’s ERA without an opener is 6.70, compared to just 1.34 with an opener. Incredible! Furthermore, the duo’s combined record without openers was a winless 0-3. With an opener? A perfect 4-0.
Now, part of this may just simply be attributed to the fact that both Gonsalves and Stewart were young, rookie pitchers that struggled early on in their MLB stints before making some adjustments and calming things down, and no, this isn’t the largest sample size we’ve ever seen. But that significant of a different between starts with an opener and starts without is just too much to ignore, and I find it hard to believe that pitchers as new to the league as they are would make changes that so significantly transform their numbers that quickly. That’s not to mention that it seems too convenient that both pitchers were so bad without openers, but then instantly became completely different pitchers as soon as they were given openers. Something more is at play here than just standard tweaks and improvements.
Now, some may point to the Minnesota Twins’ 4-4 record in games using openers and ask why, if the opener/primary combo worked so well, don’t we at least have a winning record. Fair question. At the end of the day, team wins and losses are, of course, all that matter. To answer that question, I present two pieces of the team we’ve largely ignored in this piece- The bullpen and the bats. The bullpen gave up more runs than the opener and primary pitcher did in 4 of the 8 opener games. In those 4 games, the Twins went 1-3. That’s where a big chunk of the losses come from.
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As for the bats, here I point at opener games 2 (2-5 loss to the Astros), 4 (4-6 loss to the Royals), and 7 (2-4 loss to the Tigers). None of these games are too egregious, nothing like a 0-1 loss where the bats just didn’t give us anything, but in those borderline games, the best teams have bats that will give their team a shot to win even when their pitchers aren’t fully on. You can’t expect to win games that you only score 2 runs in, and even games where you put up 4 runs are not automatic wins in today’s MLB. But my bottom line point here is that the opener and primary pitchers were not the biggest reasons for the 4 losses of those 8 games.
Final thoughts
While the opener strategy has been subject to a lot of criticism by fans across the country, the stats show great results for the Twins. After several of their young starters struggled early on in their time in the MLB, namely Stephen Gonsalves and Kohl Stewart, the Minnesota Twins tried giving them an opener to see if that would provide better results. It did, completely turning around Gonsalves’ and Stewart’s results this year.
While it is a big shift from what we are used to seeing, and some may gripe about the slower pace of game in opener days due to more pitching changes being required early on, the Twins would be wise to not toss out the opener strategy. The stats speak for themselves. Gonsalves and Stewart looked like completely different pitchers with and without an opener. Why, exactly is that so? Who knows. It could be not having to pitch to an opponent’s best hitters to start off a game, it could be calmer nerves entering a game that has already begun instead of being the one to kick it off, or it could be something else entirely. It’s tough to say.
At the end of the day, the opener/primary combination worked wonders for the Minnesota Twins. The bullpen spoiled a few good outings, and the bats didn’t always do enough to win games, but the results speak for themselves. For teams like the Twins that don’t have the luxury of being able to sign any free agent they want year in and year our, much of their success comes from in-house talent adapting and finding success at the major league level. Imagine how much better the team would be today if both Byron Buxton and Miguel Sano had immediately met their potential instead of having several years of struggles to start their careers. With this in mind, the Twins need to keep catering to methods that get the most out of their young players. In the case of both Gonsalves and Stewart, giving them an opener immediately resulted in amazingly better results than when either player acted as a traditional starter.
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After a period of nearly 10 years that saw the Twins consistently struggling to win games, it shouldn’t matter how the job gets done. The opener strategy has given the team better opportunities to win games this year. Why exactly that is the case is hard to say, but it shouldn’t matter. If it works, it works. Why go away from that? The 2018 opener experiment turned out to be completely worthwhile, and the Minnesota Twins should be pleased with the results.